Twitter: @chris_bail
Website: https://www.chrisbail.net
Link to paper: http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/08/27/1804840115

1) Intergroup contact will reduce political polarization

1) Intergroup contact will reduce political polarization

2) Backfire effects will increase political polarization

1) Intergroup contact will reduce political polarization

2) Backfire effects will increase political polarization

3) Conservatives will be more likely to exhibit backfire effects than liberals

1) Must be living in the United States

1) Must be living in the United States

2) Must visit Twitter at least three times per week

1) Must be living in the United States

2) Must visit Twitter at least three times per week

3) Must describe themselves as either a Republican or a Democrat

1) “Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy.”

2) “Government regulation of business is necessary to protect the public interest.”

3) “Poor people today have it easy because they can get government benefits without doing anything in return.”

4) “Immigrants today strengthen our country because of their hard work and talents.”

5) “Government is almost always wasteful and inefficient.”

6) “The best way to ensure peace is through military strength.”

7) “Racial discrimination is the main reason why many black people can't get ahead these days.”

8) “The government today can't afford to do much more to help the needy.”

9) “Business corporations make too much profit.”

10) “Homosexuality should be accepted by society.”

*according to my daughter

“Over the past three days, the [name of study's Twitter account here] retweeted a message about a philanthropist who gave a large amount of money to help people recover from a major disaster. How much money did this person donate?”

1) Frequency of Twitter use

1) Frequency of Twitter use

2) Strength of partisanship

1) Frequency of Twitter use

2) Strength of partisanship

3) Interest in current events

1) Frequency of Twitter use

2) Strength of partisanship

3) Interest in current events

4) Ideological homophily (online)

1) Frequency of Twitter use

2) Strength of partisanship

3) Interest in current events

4) Ideological homophily (online)

5) Ideological homophily (offline)

1) Frequency of Twitter use

2) Strength of partisanship

3) Interest in current events

4) Ideological homophily (online)

5) Ideological homophily (offline)

6) Demographics/SES (age, gender, income, education, region)

1) Frequency of Twitter use

2) Strength of partisanship

3) Interest in current events

4) Ideological homophily (online)

5) Ideological homophily (offline)

6) Demographics/SES (age, gender, income, education, region)

7) Many others…

Twitter: www.twitter.com/chris_bail

Link to paper: http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/08/27/1804840115

Email: christopher.bail@duke.edu

Website: www.chrisbail.net

GitHub: https://github.com/cbail